Whybray were right that the preposition bĕ is required to sustain a substitutionary reading, he has apparently failed to notice that Isaiah uses this very preposition in the second half of the same verse: ‘the punishment that brought us peace was upon him, and by [bĕ] his wounds we are healed’ (v. 5).46 The prophet was apparently determined that no doubt over the meaning of this text should remain. Secondly, the suffering of the Servant brings great benefits to those for whom he suffers. Indeed,